Wednesday, January 29, 2020
Contemporaneity Rule Essay Example for Free
Contemporaneity Rule Essay It is a principle of English law that the actus reus and mens rea must coincide. That is they must happen at the same time. This is sometimes referred to as the contemporaneity rule or the coincidence of actus reus and mens rea. However, the courts often apply a flexible approach in holding that the actus reus is a continuing act. Thabo-Meli v R [1954] 1 WLR 228 Privy Council The four appellants were convicted of murder. They had planned to kill a man and then make it look like an accident. They took him to a hut and beat him over the head. Believing that he was dead, they then took his body to a cliff and threw it off. Medical evidence showed that the deceased died from exposure of being left at the bottom of the cliff and not from the blow to the head. They appealed against their convictions on the grounds that the actus reus and mens rea of the crime did not coincide. That is to say when they formed the intention to kill, there was no actus reus as the man was still alive. When they threw him off the cliff, there was no mens rea as they can intend to kill someone they believed was already dead. Held:Convictions upheld. The act of beating him and throwing him off the cliff was one continuing act. Lord Reid: It appears to their Lordships impossible to divide up what was really one transaction in this way. There is no doubt that the accused set out to do all these acts in order to achieve their plan and as parts of their plan; and it is much too refined a ground of judgment to say that, because they were under a misapprehension at one stage and thought that their guilty purpose and been achieved before in fact it was achieved, therefore they are to escape the penalties of the law. Fagan v MPC [1969] 1 QB 439 A policeman was directing the defendant to park his car. The defendant accidentally drove onto the policemans foot. The policeman shouted at him to get off. The defendant refused to move. The defendant argued at the time of the actus reus, the driving onto the foot, he lacked the mens rea of any offence since it was purely accidental. When he formed the mens rea, he lacked the actus reus as he did nothing. Held:The driving on to the foot and remaining there was part of a continuing act. R v Hale [1978] 68 Cr App R 415 The two defendants broke into a womans home. One went upstairs and took some jewellery from her bedroom. After taking the jewellery the two of them tied her up. They were convicted of robbery and appealed on the grounds that the force came after they had appropriate the jewellery and thus did not come within the requirement of being immediately before or at the time of stealing. Held:Convictions upheld. The appropriation of the jewellery was a continuing act. Eveleigh LJ: To say the conduct is over and done with as soon as he laid hands on the property is contrary to common-sense and to the natural meaning of the words. The act of appropriation does not cease. It is a continuous act and it is a matter for the jury to decide whether or not the appropriation has finished. The Law of Robbery The offence of robbery is contained in s.8 of the Theft Act 1968. In criminal law, robbery is a form of aggravated theft, in that it involves the offence of theft plus force or threat of force on a person. The maximum sentence for robbery is life imprisonment. Under s.8 of the Theft Act 1968 a person is guilty of robbery if he steals, and immediately before or at the time of doing so, and in order to do so, he uses force on any person or puts or seeks to put any person in fear of being then and there subjected to force. The principle of all the cases above will be : Actus reus and men rea must be coincide in the point of time for the accused to be guilty
Tuesday, January 21, 2020
Luke?s Significance In The Scriptures Essay -- essays research papers
Luke’s Significance in the Scriptures      If I were lucky enough to lecture students on Luke’s Gospel, simply discussing the factual aspect of his writings would not do him, nor Jesus, any justice. Along with it being a great depiction of Jesus’ life from his conception until his resurrection, Luke’s Gospel teaches lessons Jesus used through His teachings to better educate His followers of what it takes to eventually be a part of God’s kingdom. Such information would be seemingly too broad to understand within the confines of a book, however Luke masterfully combines all of these facts into one story with numerous lessons, leaving it as a difficult task for an educator to select which aspects of it to cover.      The third Gospel, written by Luke, presents The Son of Man through a human form as Jesus. Jesus’ life on Earth could be broken down into three parts: Jesus’ birth, Jesus’ preaching, and Jesus’ death and resurrection. These three aspects of His life are the vocal points for what modern day Theologians seem to focus on in their own teaching, so it would be nonsensical for me to refrain from using them within my own. It must also be acknowledged that much of what Jesus endured through His lifetime teaches a point so after discussing the actual happenings of a particular event, it is necessary to discuss its intentions for us.      Concerning Jesus’ birth, I would teach students how His birth had both simil- rities and differences to our own. Mary went through pregnancy carrying a fetus for nine                                                   Kearney 2 months, as women always have, though she was never actually impregnated. The Angel Gabriel visited Mary to bear some unexpected news, telling her that, â€Å"†¦you have found favor with God. Behold, you will conceive in your womb and bear a son†(CSB 99). Mary was a virgin, although God gave her the power to conceive a child. This amazing occurrence was only the beginning of what would become a storied lifetime of miracles, teachings, and Je... ...nbsp;                           Kearney 4 Living by these two things, Jesus strives to spread God’s word so that people will see that hatred-filled and unforgiving people will not be invited to the Kingdom of God. I would tell my students that whenever an attempted act of mine is in question, I will revert back to this to determine whether or not God would approve. The third Gospel, written by Luke, is a detailed description of Jesus’ life on Earth. Covering so much area in terms of stories and lessons, it is difficult to narrow down the important points or to focus on certain aspects. If I were an educator and had to teach this to students, like I have just done, I would break down Jesus’ life into three parts: Jesus’ birth, Jesus’ preaching, and Jesus’ death and resurrection. I would hit upon the topics which I have already mentioned, and reflect on the significance of each. Discovering the lessons presented before a reader and beginning to think more like God is the greatest achievement one could receive from Luke’s Gospel.
Monday, January 13, 2020
Comparison of Filing Systems
Everyday, 21 million general office documents, 76 million letters, 234 million photocopies, and 6oo million computer printouts, all in paper, are produced by organizations in America alone. These figures came out from a study by the International Data Corp. All of these amount to paper-based files that are invaluable to the maintenance and progress of institutions.However, as much as resources only become assets if properly handled, these files are only of as much use as an institution knows where they are, and how to access the data they contain (Langemo and Robles).In order to realize this, it is necessary for an agency or office to establish a filing system that satisfies both the criteria of effectiveness and efficiency (Texas State Library and Archives Commission). For this, there are a number of selections. Therefore, it is essential to compare and contrast the features that each filing system can offer so that a reasonable choice can be made.Let us first consider the Alphabeti c filing system. Also referred to as a â€Å"direct-access system,†it is the most extensively employed classification system. As the term†direct-access†implies, its advantage is that it is user-friendly because anyone wanting to access information from the files need not check with an index.A user only needs to identify the first letter of the label of the data in question and search for it among the files in the order that it appears in the alphabet. Though there is a standard prescribed in using an alphabetical filing system, most offices alphabetize their files loosely according to their prerogative scheme (Langemo and Robles).A seeming upgraded version of the alphabetic system is the Geographical classification system. In this system, files are arranged by geographic location, e.g. by city, county, province, state, region, or country, and are further positioned in alphabetical order. Today, government offices and petroleum industries still employ the Geogra phic classification system in filing land-oriented records (Langemo and Robles).Meanwhile, when certain type of records requires numeric ordering, Numeric classification systems are employed. This type of filing system makes it easier to manage paper documents either by numbering the border of end-tabbed folders, or by utilizing shelf filing equipment, computer index databases, and color coding schemes (Langemo and Robles).Finally, when it is inappropriate to categorize records according to names either by individuals, organizations, institutions, locations, or agencies, Subject filing systems are used. This system is divided into two arrangements: dictionary and encyclopedic. When the topics of the files are arranged alphabetically, they are in dictionary arrangement. Meanwhile, in an encyclopedic arrangement, associated items in a subject file are classified alphabetically under a superior caption (Langemo and Robles).All of these four filing systems are advantageous for specific types of files. It is up to the agencies to evaluate which among these filing systems is appropriate for them. Failure to identify this can lead to a waste of time, money, resources, or worse, legal complications. The decision making practices of an institution will significantly be more effective if fitting filing system is employed (Texas State Library and Archives Commission).Reference CitedLangemo M., and Marcel Robles. â€Å"Upgrade Your Office Filing System.†Office Dealer and Office Solutions Magazine. Feature. December 2001. 22 Sept. 2006. .Texas State Library and Archives Commission. â€Å"Filing Systems.†Records Management Publications. Texas State Library and Archives Commission. 26 Sept. 2002. 22 Sept. 2006. < http://www.tsl.state.tx.us/slrm/recordspubs/fs.html>.
Sunday, January 5, 2020
The Beatles The Best Band Of All Time - 1387 Words
The 60’s was a time of great music and even greater musicians. From Elvis Presley to the band The Beach Boys, the music was at the highest is could be. Every week there would be a new album that came out from the many talented musicians. The music was truly superb during the 60’s, but there is one band that truly owned the music of the sixties and that is The Beatles. The Beatles were arguably the best band of all time. With their new style of music combining several genres, they absolutely dominated the music world. But few people actually know how they were formed and how they came to be The Beatles. Before they were Beatles: John Lennon was only 17 when he formed his first band, The Black Jets. the band was entirely made up of his classmates from his school in Liverpool. John Lennon and Paul McCartney met each other early on because they both performed in skiffle groups. A skiffle is a type of music genre that encompasses jazz, blues and folk music. McCartney taught himself to play the guitar and auditioned for a spot on Lennon’s band. Lennon at the time was in a group called the Quarrymen. McCartney immediately was accepted into the band and he joined in October, 1957. The band started to slowly move away from skiffle and started playing more rock n’ roll. The banjo playing left because of this and it gave McCartney the opportunity to introduce George Harrison to Lennon. The band now consisted of Harrison, Lennon, McCartney, Duff Lowe and Colin Hanton. The band broke upShow MoreRelatedBeatlemania: The Rise to International Fame1457 Words  | 6 Pages1962, the group known as The Beatles flunked their audition at Decca Records in London, England. The label’s executive, Dick Rowe, brushed them off like they were nothing. He simply stated that â€Å"guitar groups are on the way out.†Little did Rowe know, The Beatles would soon conquer modern society and alter the course of pop and rock music. There have been no other entertainers in the history of music that has been so popular, influential, or as groundbreaking as The Beatles. In the early 1960’s, theirRead MoreThe Beatles Band Music1735 Words  | 7 PagesThe Beatles Perhaps the most celebrated and most known musical group ever known The Beatles changed the way the world viewed rock music for generations to come. Comprised of four members; John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, and Ringo Starr, The Beatles rose to stardom in England. With hits such as Love me do The Beatles quickly grew a fan base in the United Kingdom. By the mid-1960s the Beatles were taking the world by storm and leading the British invasion of the United States Read MoreThe First American Invasion: The Beatles Takeover Essay1524 Words  | 7 Pageswith loud screams and insane fanaticism. The invaders were The Beatles and the members were Paul McCartney, John Lennon, George Harrison, and Ringo Starr. One of the biggest and influential bands to change the face of music as we know it took the world by storm by introducing new sound, new fashion, and a new way of approaching music. The Beatles have etched a name for themselves and stand in history as one of the greatest bands of all time. However there is a reason why they are regarded so highly andRead More The Beatles Essay examples850 Words  | 4 Pages The Beatles There have been more books published about one 20th century icon than any other, this band that is said to have broken down barriers in all ways, is the Beatles. Their music was said to have driven that younger generation mad. Perhaps it was because they were one of the first bands ever play real rock and roll music; or maybe it was those cute little peacoats they wore. Or maybe it was just because they were foreigners in the world of music, yet seemed to fit right in with the youngRead MoreEssay on Rock Bands1708 Words  | 7 PagesThere have been all kinds of different types of rock bands throughout the years. Most of the bands have had a different type of style. All of these different types of style are what has shaped today’s music. Some of the bands from the earlier times were: The Beatles, AC/DC, Guns and Roses and the Bee Gees. The Beatles were the greatest and most powerful act of the rock era. They introduced more innovations into popular music than any other rock band of the 20th century. The Beatles grabbed a holdRead MoreThe Beatles were an English rock band that formed in Liverpool, in 1960. With John Lennon, Paul1700 Words  | 7 PagesThe Beatles were an English rock band that formed in Liverpool, in 1960. With John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr, they became widely regarded as the greatest and most influential act of the rock era. (Unterberger) They are most well known for their albums:  Rubber Soul (1965), Revolver (1966), Sgt. Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band (1967), The Beatles(White Album) (1968) and Abbey Road (1969). They are the best selling band in the United States with over one hundred andRead MoreThe Beatles : My Personal Music Inspiration1597 Words  | 7 Pagesgroup that impresses me the most. I find The Bea tles to be most the influential to not only myself as a musician, but also, to many contemporary artists, as well as people not in the music business. Historical Outlook The Beatles emerged in the early 1960s. They were founded by John Lennon and Paul McCartney. The original line up featured Stuart Sutcliffe on guitar and Pete Best on drums. Sutcliffe died at age twenty two due to health problems. Pete Best was fired by the producer George Martin, whichRead MoreThe Beatles Were An English Rock Band Formed Essay1746 Words  | 7 PagesThe Beatles were an English rock band formed in Liverpool in 1960. With members John Lennon, Paul McCarthey, George Harrison and Ring Starr, they became widely regarded as the formost and most influential act of the rock era. Rooted in skiffle, beat, and 1950s rock and roll, the Beatles later experimented with several musical styles, ranging from pop ballads and Indian music to psychedelia and hard rock, often incorporating classical elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovativeRead MoreThe Beatles : The Best Rock Band Of The Rock Era1313 Words  | 6 PagesThe Beatles are arguably the best rock b and of the rock era. They formed in Liverpool in 1960 and consisted of 4 members John Lennon, George Harrison, Paul McCartney, and Ringo Starr. The boys played clubs over a 3 year period to build their reputation. Their first hit â€Å"Love me do†expanded their popularity in the United Kingdom and over the next year Beatlemania grew and by 1964 they had gone international and had invaded the United States pop market. They continued to rock the world with incredibleRead MoreSimilarities Between The Beatles and Pink Floyd775 Words  | 4 PagesPink Floyd and the Beatles had more in common then they’re often credited. Both bands members were raised in the United Kingdom. The original framework for â€Å"The Beatles†was conspired by the best friends, John Lennon and Paul McCartney. Likewise, â€Å"Pink Floyd†was created by best friends Nick Mason and Roger Waters. By the same token, both bands were founded while the members received their education. Wor ld War II was a pin point in each of the band members lives, if not directly affecting them, then
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